UNIT #2 PAST PERFECT

IN  THIS UNIT, WE LET'S STUDY USE OF PAST PERCEST

Past Perfect

Form

How do we make the Past Perfect Tense?

The structure of the past perfect tense is:

subject	+	auxiliary verb HAVE	+	main verb
		conjugated in simple past tense		past participle
		had		V3

For negative sentences in the past perfect tense, we insert not between the auxiliary verb and main verb. For question sentences, we exchange the subject and auxiliary verb. Look at these example sentences with the past perfect tense:

	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I	had		finished	my work.
+	You	had		stopped	before me.
-	She	had	not	gone	to school.
-	We	had	not	left.
?	Had	you		arrived?
?	Had	they		eaten	dinner?

When speaking with the past perfect tense, we often contract the subject and auxiliary verb:

I had	I'd
you had	you'd
he had she had it had	he'd she'd it'd
we had	we'd
they had	they'd

Examples

Affirmative sentences:

I had played hockey. I'd played hockey.

You had played hockey. You'd played hockey.

Negative sentences:

I had not played hockey. I'd not played hockey. I hadn't played hockey.

You had not played hockey. You'd not played hockey. You hadn't played hockey.

 Use

1) Together with the Simple Past

When two past actions are combined - the first action, which was completed before the second one began, is put into Past Perfect.

EXAMPLES:

Mary had read the book before she watched a film.
After Amy had gone home it started to rain.

2) The past equivalent of the Present Perfect

He had played hockey.

Besonderheiten

Present Perfect	Past Perfect
The bike is new. I've bought it.	The bike was new. I had bought it.

Past Perfect - Simple Past	Simple Past - Simple Past
The match had started before he arrived.	The match started when he arrived.

CHECK OUT THESE LINKS TO EXERCISE
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-exercise-1.html
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs12.htm
http://ww2.college-em.qc.ca/prof/epritchard/whatanif.htm